- Setting:
Horror films are often set in small communities, isolated places, dark streets/alleyways, large cities or urban environments. For example, dark woods, abandoned houses, haunted houses/hotels, graveyards, scary/dark churches and anywhere else dark or isolated.
- Iconography:
Horror films often include dark colours, like red and black which links the film to evil and danger. Also, low-key lighting can create a dark environment, shadows and unfamiliar shapes that create suspense. Props and other common objects that are seen in horror films are things like weapons, masks, religious symbols, knives, chainsaws and supernatural images.
- Technical codes:
Different camera shots can create, fright, terror, suspense, panic, alarm and a fear of the unknown. For example, high and low camera angles can emphasize the power of the villain or the vulnerability of the victim. Handheld shots can make it difficult for the audience to know what is going on and portrays a fear of the unknown. Extreme close up shots can also convey raw emotion, for example a screaming mouth or fearful eyes. Sound is also very important in horror movies. Disturbing sounds like footsteps, a heartbeat and deep breathing can make the film scary to watch for the viewer.
- Characters:
Characters that are often included in a horror film include heroes/victims, policemen/women (good or bad), stalker, villain, monster, serial killer, strange children, stalker, ghosts, demons and werewolves.
Information from: http://www.slideshare.net/marine18/horror-genre-conventions
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